• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A modular traffic route element has a carrier element (1) and at least two route modules (5) resting on it. The carrier element (1) is formed by two longitudinal members (3) connected by at least one cross member (2). The section modules (5) are each formed by two longitudinal beams (6) connected by several cross struts (7). The traffic route element also has a coupling device for releasably fastening the at least two route modules to one another.
    公开号:CH717041A2
    申请号:CH00564/20
    申请日:2020-05-11
    公开日:2021-07-15
    发明作者:Kirchmayr Klaus
    申请人:Kkbc Partners Kig；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the field of modular road systems. In particular, the invention relates to a modular traffic route for bicycles and modular traffic route elements for building such a traffic route.
    Prefabricated steel box girder units are known from the prior art, for example from CN108086126. The prefabricated units are part of the load-bearing structure and are permanently connected to one another. The units can therefore only be separated again with great effort and an exchange of individual segments is only possible with great expenditure of time and material. From the prior art, for example from EP 1805366B1, a multi-purpose road with support pillars and route sections is known. By using glued wood, a slight change in the road construction components can be achieved even with strong temperature and humidity fluctuations. However, even with the multi-purpose road from EP 1805366B1, the possibility of simply exchanging a route section is not provided, especially since each section is part of the load-bearing structure.
    In CN106087699 a road system will now be described which enables modular assembly and modular dismantling. The road system has a modular framework structure layer, a modular grid paving layer and pillars. The modules of the grid paving layer are fastened to the truss structure layer by means of bolts. The modules of the two layers are lined up with a butt joint. When assembled, these two layers have correspondingly little stability.
    There is thus a need to provide a modular traffic route whose modules can be exchanged with little effort. In particular, in the modular traffic route, influences of moisture and temperature on the components of the traffic route should be taken into account as far as possible without adverse effects on its stability.
    The invention relates to a modular traffic route element having a carrier element and at least two route modules resting thereon. The carrier element is formed by two longitudinal members connected by at least one cross member. The section modules are each formed by two longitudinal beams connected by several cross struts. The two longitudinal members of the carrier element are preferably arranged in parallel. The two longitudinal bars of the at least two section modules are preferably arranged in parallel. The modular traffic route element also has a coupling device for releasably fastening the at least two route modules to one another. The at least two section modules are preferably designed identically.
    The construction of the modular traffic route element allow quick and easy assembly of the traffic route element, but also of several traffic route elements to form a traffic route. The individual modular traffic route elements and their modular components can be separated from one another quickly and easily in order, for example, to enable individual traffic route elements or components thereof to be exchanged. A quick exchange of individual traffic route elements or, for example, individual route modules is preferably advantageous in the event of defects. However, it also enables a quick and easy change of a traffic route.
    The open structural design of the modular traffic route element enables temperature and humidity-related changes in individual elements to be compensated for. Larger changes in the components in the event of strong temperature fluctuations, for example in the case of metal components, can also be compensated for as far as possible. In the case of components made of wood, shifts caused by moisture, in particular, which can have a negative effect on a roadway, can also be minimized or prevented.
    The carrier element forms a support structure made up of two longitudinal members and preferably a few cross members, for example cross members spaced a few meters apart. The cross members are preferably attached between the longitudinal members in such a way that they are arranged approximately in the center of a section module resting on the carrier element. This means that the section module can be additionally supported. The stability of the structure of the traffic route element formed by the route modules is additionally achieved by the mutual coupling of the route modules to one another. The cross members are preferably arranged regularly, preferably evenly spaced, along the longitudinal members and perpendicular to them.
    According to one embodiment of the carrier element, the at least one cross member is designed as a cross member plate. The cross member connects the two side members of the carrier element. The cross member plate preferably extends over more than a third, preferably over more than half the length of the longitudinal members. The cross member preferably extends essentially over the entire length of the longitudinal members.
    If cross member plates are used as cross members, the carrier element is preferably formed from two cross member plates and the two longitudinal members. The carrier element forms a hollow box. Cross member plates can increase the stability of the carrier element compared to cross members in the form of beams. In addition, a carrier element in the form of a hollow box enables cables and lines to be guided and accommodated in a protected manner, for example.
    The height of a hollow box is for example between 15 cm and 100 cm, or between 30 cm and 80 cm, for example between 45 cm and 70 cm.
    A width of the hollow box is preferably determined by a width of the cross member plates. The height of the hollow box is then preferably determined by the thickness of the two longitudinal support plates and by the height of the two longitudinal supports.
    A section module has a frame construction with two longitudinal beams and several cross struts connecting the longitudinal beams. The transverse struts are preferably regularly spaced, preferably evenly spaced, along the longitudinal beams and perpendicular to them.
    The line modules are releasably attached to one another by means of the coupling device. For this purpose, the route modules have coupling points, preferably standardized coupling points. The cross struts preferably have several coupling points. The longitudinal beams preferably have coupling points. The longitudinal beams preferably have several coupling points. The coupling points of the longitudinal beams are preferably standardized. Coupling points can be openings, recesses or projections which enable a coupling device to be attached or introduced.
    [0015] A section module is preferably attached to a further section module at the end of a plurality of coupling points along a cross strut.
    A route module can be attached to a further route module at several coupling points along a longitudinal beam. A section module can be attached to further section modules on both sides at several coupling points along both longitudinal beams.
    A coupling device for the line modules is preferably a coupling device that is independent of the line modules. The section modules can thus be positioned and then attached to one another by means of the coupling device. After releasing the coupling device, it can be removed again from the line modules.
    A coupling device preferably contains a screw connection with which the two line modules are fastened to one another by screwing. After loosening the screw connection, the section modules can be detached from each other. A screw connection can be screwed to itself. Correspondingly, the coupling device itself has corresponding threads. A screw connection can be screwed to the section modules. Correspondingly, the section modules have corresponding threads, preferably internal threads.
    The section modules rest on the carrier element. In certain embodiments of the invention, the section modules rest on the carrier element without any further fastening or coupling. This allows a mutual reduction of mechanical tensions between the carrier element and the route modules due to thermal changes in the materials of the modular traffic route element.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the traffic route element, the longitudinal beams of the route modules rest on the longitudinal beams of the carrier element.
    [0021] Components lying one on top of the other, in particular longitudinal members and longitudinal beams, can have corresponding shapes. For example, a longitudinal beam can have an outwardly curved surface and a longitudinal beam can have an inwardly curved underside corresponding to the curved surface of the longitudinal beam. Corresponding shapes enable a certain coupling of the section modules with respect to the carrier element, at least in the lateral direction, that is to say in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal beams and longitudinal beams.
    The at least two section modules are preferably detachably coupled to the carrier element.
    A coupling of the at least two section modules on the carrier element can also bring about a coupling or fixation in more than one direction. This can include couplings, for example, by means of grooves and pins, by means of releasable clips, by means of an adhesive layer or by means of combinations of such couplings. Detachable clips are preferably attached laterally along the modular traffic route element, with longitudinal beams and longitudinal girders preferably being clamped to one another. An adhesive layer is preferably applied between the section modules and the carrier element. An adhesive layer is preferably applied between the longitudinal beams of the section modules and the longitudinal beams of the carrier element. Adhesive layers are, for example, layers with or made of adhesive material or layers of adhesive.
    After assembly on the carrier element, the section modules are preferably connected to the carrier element by means of a removable quick-release device.
    Couplings can also include screw connections. In particular in the case of embodiments of the traffic route element in which cross member plates are used for a carrier element, route modules are preferably screwed to the carrier element by means of connecting parts. In this way, a section module resting on a transverse support plate can be secured against displacement in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
    Line modules and coupling devices can be mounted elastically. This allows a certain flexibility, in particular in the longitudinal direction and transverse direction of the modular traffic route element. In the case of laterally interconnected route modules, an elastic mounting also allows a certain flexibility in the longitudinal direction in central areas of a traffic route element made up of several route modules. In this way, different thermal expansions, in particular of adjacent section modules, can be compensated for. Even small shifts due to different loads, for example when using a traffic route, can be taken into account with elastic bearings. With an asymmetrical, for example wedge-shaped, mounting between the route modules and the carrier element, an inclination of the route modules or a roadway can also be designed in a simple manner.
    An elastic mounting preferably has a sealing function, for example with respect to moisture.
    An elastic mounting can be, for example, an elastomer layer, a rubber seal or a spring. The line modules can be tightly attached to one another by means of an elastomer layer or rubber seal between line modules, for example attached to an end face or a long side of a line module. This type of connection enables the creation of a flexible, stable and sealed traffic route system with which any forces and movements can be absorbed.
    A spring is preferably used in the coupling device.
    The modular traffic route element preferably also has a roadway arranged above the at least two route modules. The roadway can be applied to or attached to the track modules. The track can be arranged on the track modules before the track modules are arranged on the carrier element. The track can be applied to the track modules after the track modules and support element have been installed. For example, a roadway can be attached as a pre-produced roadway roll on one, preferably several, installed traffic route elements.
    A route module preferably has a roadway before the route module is applied to the carrier element.
    A roadway can be single-layer or multi-layer. A roadway can have a base layer and a pavement layer, for example. A base layer can be a wood or plastic construction, for example. A pavement layer consists of or contains, for example, asphalt. A pavement layer can be an electricity-producing pavement. A heating layer can be arranged between the covering layer and the base support layer. A heating layer, which can contain a heating element of a known type, for example, enables the roadway to be de-iced.
    In a modular traffic route element, at least two route modules are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the carrier element. Preferably, as many section modules are arranged in the longitudinal direction and each connected to one another to cover an entire length of a carrier element.
    In a modular traffic route element, route modules can be arranged side by side in order to form a wider traffic route.
    The width of a route module preferably forms a roadway for a bicycle path in one direction. The width of a route module preferably forms a multi-lane, in particular two-lane, roadway for a traffic route in one direction.
    A traffic route module with two or more adjacent route modules allows, for example, the construction of a traffic route for bicycles with oncoming traffic.
    The at least two section modules are preferably arranged in the longitudinal direction of the carrier element.At least two further section modules are preferably arranged parallel to the two first section modules. The two line modules are connected to each other in a laterally releasable manner.According to a preferred embodiment of the traffic route element, the carrier element of the modular traffic route element extends over the width of two route modules. The cross members of the carrier element extend over the width of two section modules. A modular traffic route element preferably extends over the width of two route modules and the length of a plurality of route modules.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the traffic route element, the carrier element has a width which is less than a total width of a roadway, preferably less than a combined width of the two route modules. In particular in the case of carrier elements in the form of a hollow box, the hollow box has a smaller width than the total width of the roadway, preferably a smaller width than the combined width of two section modules. The hollow box preferably has a width of 50% to 80%, for example 60% to 70% of the total width of a roadway, preferably the combined width of two section modules. A narrower carrier element is preferably arranged centrally to the roadway, in particular to the route modules along a longitudinal axis of the traffic route element formed in this way.
    Route modules are preferably transported to an assembly site and connected to one another on site.
    The materials used in the modular traffic route element, in particular for the carrier element and the frame structure of the route modules, can be different materials, for example wood, preferably glued laminated timber, aluminum or light metals, in particular hollow profiles made of light metal.
    The materials used in the modular traffic route element, in particular for the carrier element and the frame structure of the route modules, preferably have a low coefficient of thermal expansion.
    Longitudinal and cross members of the carrier element, and preferably also the longitudinal beams and cross struts of the line modules are preferably made of a material which has a linear expansion of less than 0.5 millimeters per meter, preferably less than 0.3 millimeters per meter, in a temperature range of minus 10 degrees Celsius and plus 40 degrees Celsius. For example, the materials have a linear expansion between 0.15 millimeters and 0.3 millimeters per meter in a temperature range of minus 10 degrees Celsius and plus 40 degrees Celsius.
    Wood, in particular glued laminated timber, is preferably used for the longitudinal and transverse beams of the carrier element.Wood, in particular glued laminated timber, is preferably used for the longitudinal beams and cross struts of the section modules.
    A modular traffic route element can be a straight traffic route element or a curved traffic route element (curve element). A straight traffic route element has, for example, a length between 5 meters and 30 meters, preferably between 10 meters and 20 meters. A curved traffic route element has, for example, a curve radius between 2 meters and 70 meters, preferably between 10 meters and 50 meters.
    Curved traffic route elements are constructed essentially analogously to the straight traffic route elements. Frames, whose longitudinal beams are curved in contrast to the straight traffic route elements, serve as the substructure. In some embodiments, the curved traffic route elements are placed on curved longitudinal members of the carrier element.
    [0046] In the case of curved traffic route elements, shorter spans between supports are preferably maintained.
    Track modules have coupling options on their end faces for connecting several track modules in the longitudinal direction of a traffic route to be constructed or for extending the traffic route.Route modules preferably have coupling options on their long sides for laterally connecting route modules to widen a traffic route. A widening can be used to make a traffic route multi-lane or in or in the opposite direction. Widening can enable driveways or branches.Entrances and exits are preferably planned every 1 to 2 kilometers in a traffic route.For entrances and exits, a traffic route is preferably widened over a length of 20 meters to 40 meters using widening elements on one or both sides. For example, a spread includes a spread of 2 meters.Driveway elements can be connected to the front of the extension elements. Driveway elements have a width of 1.5 meters, for example, so that a 1.5 meter wide driveway to an entrance or exit area can be implemented.
    The widened entry or exit area is used for entering or leaving the traffic flow. Entrance and driveway areas can be implemented by means of signaling on the roadway, for example by means of floor signals.
    Slopes of a roadway, for example for the lateral discharge of water, can be achieved by a different thickness of the roadway itself or by a corresponding shape and arrangement of the frame construction of the route modules. A slope or incline of the roadway is also possible through a corresponding design of a coupling device between the route modules. For example, by using wedge-shaped inserts, for example a wedge-shaped seal, section modules can be tilted relative to one another. Such a tilting can take place in the lateral, that is to say transverse, direction, but also in the longitudinal direction. In this way, a gradient or incline of a traffic route can be achieved without having to change individual route modules. A roadway incline can also be achieved by mounting the section modules on the carrier element in a wedge-shaped manner. In particular, section modules that rest on cross member plates can be arranged at an angle. For example, by means of wedge-shaped bearing elements or wedge-shaped seals, section modules can be stored in a simple manner, preferably inclined to the side. It is also possible to provide bearing elements with different thicknesses at different positions. For example, thicker bearing elements can be provided along one side of a section module, while thinner bearing elements can be provided along an opposite side of the section module. Lateral inclinations of a traffic route element of 0.5% to 3% are preferred.
    It has been shown that a slope should not exceed the value of 8% when driving up. In order to get from one level to a height of approx. 4.5 meters in the traffic route, this results in a driveway length of approx. 60 meters.
    The longitudinal members and optionally cross members, in particular cross member plates, of a carrier element are preferably straight with respect to the plane of the carrier element. Longitudinal beams and optionally cross beams, in particular cross beam plates, of a carrier element can have a bend in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal girders and, if applicable, the cross girder or girders are bent downward from a (horizontal or inclined) plane of the carrier element. The carrier element, or a lower part of the carrier element, thereby forms an arched structure. Such an arch construction can improve the statics of a support element.
    The modular traffic route element can furthermore have a railing. The railing is arranged laterally along a longitudinal direction of the traffic route element. A railing is preferably arranged on both sides of the traffic route element. A railing can be attached to the section modules or to the carrier element. A railing can be attached to the side of the section modules or on the carrier element or on both or inserted therein. Correspondingly curved railings can be used for curved traffic route elements.A railing can be provided with photovoltaic cells for electricity production.
    The modular traffic route element can have at least one pressure sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor or a brightness sensor. The modular traffic route element can have at least one induction loop, a heating layer, a heating element or a luminous element. Sensors, layers, additional elements can be attached to a roadway and to a route module. They can be integrated into the roadway and into the individual route module.
    The modular traffic route element can have one or more support pillars on which the traffic route element is mounted or suspended. The carrier element is preferably mounted on at least one support pillar or the traffic route element is suspended from the support pillar via a carrier element.
    With support pillars, a modular traffic route element and thus a modular traffic route can be created at a height above the ground. This offers the possibility of building bridges. In particular, there is the space-saving possibility of leading a cycle path over an existing route, for example a track route or an existing road.
    The height of the support pillars is preferably chosen so that another means of transport, for example a car or tram, can pass under the carrier element.
    The support element can be directly supported by one or more support pillars, supported by side support pillars or suspended from the support pillar.
    The support pillar can form a cross member of the carrier element, completely or partially replace a cross member or reinforce the cross member.
    Support pillars can have different shapes depending on the type of support. Exemplary shapes for buttresses are inverted U-Beams, T-Beams, or L-Beams. Inverted U-girders and T-girders are structurally simple, but cannot be used for all geographic conditions. When using L-beams, due to the one-sided nature of the L-beam, the statics must be taken into account when anchoring it in the ground.
    Due to the modular conception of the traffic route, it makes sense to use standardized modules for certain route shapes with different lengths and different curvatures in the horizontal and, if necessary, also in the vertical, in the sense of a kit.
    The invention thus also relates to a kit for a modular path system including:several standardized carrier elements, which are formed by two, preferably parallel, longitudinal members connected by at least one cross member, the several carrier elements being releasably attachable to one another at standardized coupling points;several standardized track modules, which are formed by two longitudinal beams, preferably arranged in parallel and connected by several cross struts, the several track modules being releasably attachable to one another at standardized coupling points;several coupling devices for releasably attaching the several standardized track modules to one another, the several track modules being releasably attachable to the carrier elements.
    The kit preferably contains several support elements of the same or different lengths. The kit preferably contains several support elements of the same and different lengths.The kit preferably has several line modules of the same or different lengths. The kit preferably has several line modules of the same and different lengths.The kit preferably has several straight and several curved traffic route elements.The kit preferably has curved traffic route elements with different curve radii.
    The kit preferably also contains several, preferably standardized, quick-release couplings for releasably connecting the section modules to the carrier elements. Standardized quick-release couplings are preferably releasable clips that can be attached to the side of the support elements and section modules.
    A standardized coupling system is preferably provided for each line module, which enables the various line modules to be connected to one another in a simple and detachable manner laterally next to one another and one behind the other in the longitudinal direction.
    Each standardized route module preferably fits on a correspondingly standardized carrier element to which it can be connected, preferably by means of a quick-release coupling.
    A kit can contain standardized connecting parts for releasably screwing the section modules to the carrier elements. Such connecting parts can, for example, be angled plates provided with screw openings.
    A kit can contain standardized seals and storage elements. The standardized seals and storage elements are preferably for sealingly connecting the line modules to one another, for the elastic coupling of the line modules to one another, for the elastic coupling of line modules and carrier elements, for the tilted coupling of line modules to one another, for the inclined storage of line modules on carrier elements, or combinations of the above Couplings or bearings.
    Each route module provides standardized coupling points. The distance between these coupling points is standardized. The distance between the coupling points is, for example, between 0.5 meters and 1.5 meters, such as 1 meter. Correspondingly, line modules can be coupled to one another in a variety of ways (lengthways and crossways).
    Each element can contain a technology box and can be connected to a higher-level control network, for example, via a plug connector.
    Further details on the carrier elements and route modules are described with reference to the modular traffic route element and will not be repeated.
    "Standardized" is used in the present application for the same sizes, the same distances, and for means that correspond to one another. For example, standardized elements, in particular carrier elements and route modules, have sizes and shapes that correspond to one another, in such a way that several of the elements can be connected to one another and assembled to form a traffic route. Standardized coupling points are arranged, for example, at predefined and fixed distances in different elements, in such a way that different elements can be combined and attached to one another in different ways.
    In one embodiment, a kit contains standardized modules and elements with different lengths for straight stretches and, for example, also several, for example up to ten curve modules with curve radii between 10 meters and 50 meters. This means that practically all curve radii between 10 meters and 100 meters can be implemented by combining different modules. Larger curve radii can also be achieved by using straight modules, but also, for example, wedge-shaped elements in coupling devices. When using, for example, trapezoidal curve modules, curves with various radii can be created by lining up several trapezoidal curve modules. If wedge-shaped elements are also used between the trapezoidal modules, curve radii can be changed practically at will.
    Standardized coupling devices which can be used for all traffic route elements are preferably used.
    The invention also relates to the use of the modular traffic route elements as described herein for building a modular route system, in particular for building a high-speed route system for bicycles.
    The traffic route elements according to the invention and the kit according to the invention allow a modular traffic route to be created quickly and easily. Individual elements can be replaced quickly and easily thanks to the detachable connections. The structure and nature of the traffic route modules enable the construction of a traffic route in which thermal changes or changes caused by moisture are minimized or compensated for. In particular, a kit with different modules allows you to assemble a fast bike route. If standard elements with a width of 2 meters or 4 meters are preferably used, they can be conveniently transported by truck and assembled on site.
    According to the invention, it is possible to unbundle cyclists and other road users. This can minimize or prevent conflicts and contributes to the safety of road users. In particular, a fast bike route, which uses wood as an essential component and integrates photovoltaics, meets a high sustainability standard.
    Since existing routes (car, tram) can be used for the construction of the modular traffic route, already developed settlement areas can be used or, if necessary, these can be connected to centers with an optimized high-speed bicycle route with separate lanes.
    All these properties of the modular traffic route system according to the invention allow the cost-effective construction and maintenance of a modular traffic route.
    In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with the aid of examples of figures. 1 shows a perspective view of a simple modular traffic route element; 2 shows a longitudinal section through a traffic route element; 3 shows a cross section through a coupling device in two line modules; 4 shows a perspective view through a modular traffic route element with route modules arranged next to one another; 5 shows a schematic representation of a coupling of two adjacent route modules; 6 shows a view of a route module on a carrier element in the configuration of a curved traffic route element; FIG. 7 shows a view through the route module from FIG. 6; FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a partially constructed traffic route on supporting pillars; 9 shows a schematic oblique view through an L-shaped support pillar; FIG. 10 shows a connecting element for the carrier element and support pillars, for example for the traffic route from FIG. 8; FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of a traffic route element; FIG. 12 shows a detail from the carrier element from FIG. 11; FIG. FIG. 13 shows a detail of the connection between the carrier element and the section module from FIG. 11; FIG. 14 shows a schematic representation of a traffic route element with a carrier element in the form of a hollow box and supporting pillars; FIG. 15 shows a detail of the connection between the carrier element and the supporting pillars from FIG. 14.
    1 shows a carrier element 1 with two longitudinal members 3 arranged in parallel, which are connected to one another by two cross members 2. Two track modules 5 fastened to one another are shown lying on the carrier element 1. The length of the carrier element 1 corresponds to the length of a large number of section modules 5. A section module 5 is formed by two longitudinal beams 6 arranged in parallel and, in the example of FIG. 1, by five cross struts 7. The longitudinal beams 6 and cross struts 5 form a horizontal frame structure in the shape of a rectangle. In the case of curved beams 6, the frame structure has the shape of a segment of a circle to form a curve module.
    In the simplest case, the base frame of the route modules 5 forms a plane on its upper side, which results in a flat roadway. However, it is also possible, through the corresponding shape and arrangement of the longitudinal beams 6 of the base frame, to construct the latter in such a way that a roadway contains inclines, for example in order to carry away precipitation.
    The width of the carrier element 1 corresponds to the width of a section module 5.
    The longitudinal beams 3 and longitudinal beams 6 are solid bodies or hollow bodies which can be made, for example, from wood, such as glued laminated timber, aluminum or other light metals or sheet steel.
    In FIG. 1, the section modules 5 with the longitudinal beams 6 and a transverse strut 6 rest on the longitudinal beams 3 and on a transverse beam 2 of the carrier element 1. In order to achieve a certain stability of the connection between the section module and the carrier element, corresponding, corresponding shapes of the respective bearing surfaces can be provided.
    Thanks to the beam construction of the base frame of the section module 5 and the carrier element 1, non-negligible expansion and contraction forces act only on a small cross-sectional area along the traffic route element and along the longitudinal beams / longitudinal beams of the base frame.
    The section modules 5 are releasably connected to one another (not shown in FIG. 1).
    InFig.2undFig.3 details of possible connections between the route module 5 and the carrier element 1, as well as the route modules 5 with one another, are shown. In the figures, the same reference symbols are used for the same or similar elements.
    Two section modules 5 consisting of longitudinal beams 6 and five cross struts 7 are connected to form a frame structure and lie on a longitudinal beam 3 and cross beam 2 of the carrier element 1. The girders and beams and struts are preferably made of wood.
    In order to achieve a stable connection of the section modules 5, which contributes to the neutralization of changes in the components due to temperature changes, a coupling device 13 with a screw connection is used.
    The section modules 5 also lie against one another along an end transverse strut, an elastomer layer 20 being placed between the section modules 5 and clamped therein. The area of the elastomer layer 20 preferably corresponds to the size of the two areas to be connected. The elastomer layer 20 has a thickness of 5 millimeters, for example. The coupling device 13 is attached through openings 12 in the cross braces. This is described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3.
    To connect the section module 5 to the carrier element 3, the longitudinal beams 6 have grooves 11 on the underside, which cooperate with pins (not shown) protruding from the upper side of the longitudinal beams 3.
    For example, two pins can be provided in the longitudinal member 3 for each section module 5.
    Preferably, pins made of hardwood or metal are attached centrally in the upper side of the side member at a distance of 1500 millimeters. The pins have a cross section of 50 × 20 millimeters and protrude 40 millimeters from the longitudinal member 3. The section modules 5 are placed on the side members 3 so that the pins engage in the corresponding grooves 11 (QS 80x22mm).
    Due to their width, the grooves 11 allow a certain displacement of the pins and thus of the route modules 5 relative to the carrier element 1 in the longitudinal direction of the traffic route element.
    Grooves 11 and pins can also be arranged the other way round, for example grooves 11 in the carrier element and protruding pins on the underside of the section modules 5.
    The longitudinal bars 6 of the stretching modules 5 are provided with through openings 4 at regular intervals. The through openings 4 are arranged parallel to the cross struts 7 and laterally in the longitudinal beams 6. These through openings 4 are provided for connecting the section module 5 to further section modules.
    The top of the stretch modules 5 runs parallel to the carrier element 1 and forms an essentially straight plane. A three-layer roadway 8, 9, 10 is applied to the route modules 5.
    As shown in FIG. 3, the coupling device 13 consists essentially of a steel pin 14 which opens at one end into a steel plate 15 and at its opposite end into a thread 16.
    The steel pin 14 is pushed through the opening 12 in the cross struts 7 on the sides of two section modules 5 to be connected. Using a nut 17, a washer 18 and a spring 19 between the washer 18 and the nut 17 on the side of the thread 18, a force compressing the two section modules 5 is generated between these elements and the steel plate. As a result, the section modules are fastened to one another and the elastomer layer 20 arranged between the section modules is clamped.
    By using the coupling device 13 with elastomer layer 20 and spring 19, a stable connection required for a traffic route is made possible. In addition, a flexibility of the coupling perpendicular to the connecting plane of the two section modules 5 is made possible, which serves to neutralize expansion and contraction forces. The degree of flexibility can be adjusted by adjusting the force when tightening the coupling device 13.
    The use of the coupling device 13 with elastomer layer 20 also enables a permanently watertight connection of the section modules 5. Depending on the ratio of the size and shape of the steel pin 14 to the openings 12 in the cross struts 7, the connection can also be flexible in other ways Directions. The described coupling device 13 allows two section modules 7 to be connected to one another at the end or to the side in a simple process as often as desired and to be released from one another again.
    The steel pin 14 is preferably a metal pin with a rectangular cross-section of 10 × 50 millimeters. A round steel plate with a diameter of 80 millimeters is welded onto one side of the steel pin as a head. At the opposite end of the steel pin there is a round pin about 80 millimeters long with an M14 thread. When coupling, the steel pin is inserted into an opening 12 shaped as a slot in the module frame. An M14 locking nut is tightened up to a defined torque so that a defined force acts between the coupled elements 5.
    Instead of the steel pin 14, other materials can also be used, in particular to increase the stability or to reduce the weight. The use of a screw is also conceivable instead of the steel pin.
    The special coupling device allows the carrier element 1 and the section modules 5 to be exchanged at any time with little effort.
    The roadway attached to the route module 5 has a rigid base layer 8 and a cover layer consisting of two layers 9, 10. The base layer and top layers can be layers made of wood, laminate, plastics, synthetic resins, honeycomb layer structures, energy-producing, storing or emitting layers. A current-producing layer is preferably used as the cover layer.
    FIG. 4 shows a section of a modular traffic route, the width of which corresponds to the width of two route modules 5. The width of a route module preferably forms one half of the roadway 50 (one half per direction of travel). The section modules 5 are arranged on the carrier element 1. The width of the carrier element 1 has the width of two section modules 5.
    Again, the same reference symbols are used for the same or similar elements.
    The modular traffic route comprises a carrier element 1 and route modules 5 arranged thereon, which consist of a base frame and on which a roadway 8, 9, 10 is fastened.
    The base units of a roadway half 50 consist of a route module. The two adjacent route modules 5, which each form a roadway half 50, are fastened to one another via a coupling device 13. The coupling device is preferably a coupling device as described in FIG. 3. The roadway halves 50 can be screwed together on site prior to assembly on the carrier element 1. For this purpose, 5 standardized holes are pre-drilled in the frame of the section modules. A side coupling is described in more detail in Fig. 5 below.
    To connect the section modules 5 to the carrier element 1, the longitudinal members of the carrier element 1 are provided with grooves 31 on the upper side. These interact with pins 32 on the underside of the section modules 5.
    The laterally connected section modules 5 or half-elements lie on the carrier element 1 in such a way that the grooves 31 are joined together with the pins 32.
    Coupling options for route modules 5 exist on the end faces of the route modules 5 to extend the traffic route. Coupling options exist on the sides of the route modules 5 of the roadway halves 50 in order to widen the roadway, for example for driveways or to enable branches.
    Traffic route elements are coupled to one another on the front side as standard via four coupling points. There are also four coupling points on the long sides of the traffic route elements. These are at the same distance from one another, so that the section modules 5 can be coupled to one another on their inside. However, it is also possible to attach further route modules to the outside of the traffic route element via the coupling points in the outer longitudinal beams 6 of the route modules 5.
    The various elements are connected to one another with quick-release couplings, which are not fixedly mounted on the elements. This means that such quick-release couplings can be freely inserted wherever they are needed.
    5 schematically shows a lateral connection of two section modules 5.
    The longitudinal beams 6 of the section modules have standardized, pre-drilled holes 21. A rubber band 22 is inserted between the two section modules 5 during the screw connection. A rubber band, for example, has a thickness of 5 millimeters. A protrusion of the rubber band is preferably cut off after assembly.
    The section modules are laterally connected by pushing a metal pin 23 provided with a head 25 into the hole 21 provided for this purpose. Using a washer 18 and a nut 17 on the side of a pin thread, the two section modules are connected in such a way that a tight connection is created.
    This type of lateral connection ensures a flexible yet stable and sealed roadway system in the longitudinal direction, even with a large number of section modules arranged next to one another in the transverse direction.
    In the context of the invention, it is not only possible to construct support elements and section modules for straight sections, but also those for curves, in which case curved supports and beams are used.
    A curved traffic route element is shown schematically in FIG. A carrier element 1 has two curved parallel longitudinal members 3 made of wood. The side members in turn have a multiple of the length of a section module 5.
    The traffic route element has a roadway for bicycles, which is designed with two lanes and intended for oncoming traffic.
    The route modules 5 are designed as segments of a circle. Two track modules in the form of two circular segments, an inner and an outer circular segment, each form a roadway half 50. The track modules 5 are fastened to one another by means of quick-release couplings. In the figure, openings 12 and holes 21 in the frame of the line modules for passing through a coupling device are shown as black bars.
    A railing 25 is attached to both longitudinal sides of the curved element. The railing has three vertical 251 and four horizontal 250 bars. An uppermost section of the railing is inclined outwards. In this upper part of the railing, 251 ropes are stretched between the vertical spars. Laminated glass panes or semitransparent solar cells for generating electricity are inserted in the lower part of the railing 25.
    The railing 25 is curved in accordance with the shape of the curved traffic route element.
    7 shows a view of the traffic route element 5 according to FIG. 6, the carrier element not being shown.
    The section modules 5 have curved longitudinal beams 6 made of wood. The distances between the cross struts 7 are kept shorter than in the case of straight section modules.
    The railings 25 have several light-emitting elements 26, for example LEDs. The lighting elements 26 are arranged at a distance from one another along the spars 251. The lighting elements 26 are preferably only located in the lower part of the railing 25 that is not inclined towards the outside.
    With the present invention, a modular traffic route can be created directly on the ground, in which the carrier elements 1 are anchored to the ground. The modular traffic route is also suitable for the construction of bridges or generally for creating a traffic route at height. The carrier elements are supported by pillars or suspended from them.
    8 shows three carrier elements 1 arranged one behind the other and fastened to one another. On one of the carrier elements, 5 × 2 section modules 5 connected laterally in pairs are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction. Each support element 1 rests on an L-shaped support pillar 30 at both ends. The transverse branch 300 of the support pillar 30 forms a transverse support 2 of the support element 1.
    The support pillars 30 can be anchored in a known manner via a foundation in the ground.
    The heights of supporting pillars are preferably chosen so that a carrier element 1 or a roadway is preferably arranged approximately 3 meters above sidewalks, 3.5 meters to 4.5 meters above streets and 4.25 meters to 5 meters above tram routes.
    L-shaped support pillars 30 of the type shown have the advantage that a road running under the traffic route is restricted only on one side by the support pillars.
    9 shows a support pillar 30 and an example of a connection between support pillar 30 and carrier element 1. A connecting element 60 made of metal plates is placed on transverse branch 300 of support pillar 30 at both ends of transverse branch 300. The connecting element 30 is shown in more detail in FIG.
    The connecting element 60 has a bearing surface 500 for the transverse branch 300 of the support pillar 30. The connecting element 60 rests with this support surface 500 on the transverse branch 300.
    The connecting element 60 has two further bearing surfaces 501, which are arranged on opposite sides of the bearing surface 500, but at different heights from the bearing surface 500.
    In the assembled state of the connecting element 60, the two bearing surfaces 501 come to lie on both sides of the transverse branch 300 and are arranged at right angles to the course of the transverse branch 300.
    Longitudinal beams 3 of two adjacent carrier elements 1 are inserted into the connecting element 60 and, in the process, placed on the support surfaces 501 of the connecting element 60.
    The connecting element 60 is designed and positioned in such a way that the longitudinal members 3 of the carrier elements 1 and the transverse branch 300 of the support pillar 30 are flush on their upper side.
    The connecting element 60 is mounted on the transverse branch 300 of the support pillar 30 and on the carrier elements 1, preferably by means of screws. The connecting element 60 has corresponding openings for the passage of fastening elements, such as screws, for example.
    For assembly on the transverse branch 300, the connecting element 60 has laterally protruding projections 502 which, in the assembled state, point perpendicularly away from the transverse branch 300. These serve to stabilize the connecting element 60 on the transverse branch 300 and to mount the connecting element 60 on the transverse branch 300.
    The bearing surfaces 500, 501 of the connecting element 60 can be designed with a sliding plate or sliding layer, for example made of Teflon. This enables the elements resting on one another to slide, for example due to thermal fluctuations or different loads.
    Exemplary values of elements of the invention are:Length of straight elements: 4 meters, 8 meters; 4 meters wide and 4 meters long.Radii of curve elements: r = 10M / 15 degrees, r = 15M / 10 degrees, r = 20M / 7.5 degrees, r = 30M / 5 degrees, r = 50M / 3 degrees; By combining these 5 curve elements, almost all curve radii between 10 and 100 m can be implemented with a deviation of <1 percent. Average length of curve elements: 2 to 3 meters.Carrier element: Two longitudinal beams 300x400 millimeters made of glued laminated timber with a length of 20 meters for straight elements; Double-T girders or beam boxes made of light metal; One cross member arranged in the middle for each track element; a length of curved longitudinal beam pairs corresponds to three curve elements with corresponding radii; Connection to other side members by means of screwed metal plates; Weight approx. 2.5 tons for a standard glued laminated timber support element.Section module: 20x20 centimeter longitudinal beams made of glued laminated timber; 3 cross members; Slope from center to edge approx. 1 degree for water drainage;Carriageway base layer: 33 millimeter wood layer applied in longitudinal battens.Railings for traffic route elements: 4 vertical supports, 3 horizontal rails, inclined 45 ° outwards at a height of 1 m. The space between the stiles has stranded ropes, metal profiles, laminated glass or photovoltaic glass; LED built into the bars; Weight of railing approx. 12 kg, with photovoltaic cells approx. 40 kg.
    In FIG. 11, a section of a traffic route with a carrier element 1 in the form of a hollow box is shown. A single route module 5, or two straight route modules 5 lying side by side or one behind the other, for example as described in FIG. 7 with reference to a curve module, rests on the hollow box.
    The carrier element 1 is arranged centrally under the section module 5. The carrier element 1 extends over the entire length of the section module 5 and approximately over half the total width of the section module 5.
    The section module 5 has straight longitudinal beams 6 made of wood. In the example shown, the longitudinal beams 6 are connected to one another with five transverse struts 7 spaced apart from one another.
    The traffic route element has a roadway 8, 9, 10 for bicycles, which can be single-lane or two-lane and intended for oncoming traffic.
    A railing 25 is screwed to the longitudinal beams 6 on both longitudinal sides of the section module 5. The railing has two vertical spars 251. An uppermost section of the railing is inclined outwards. In this upper part of the railing 251 wire ropes are stretched between the vertical spars or metal strips are attached. Laminated glass panes or semitransparent solar cells for generating electricity are inserted in the lower part of the railing 25.
    The carrier element 1 has two longitudinal members 3 which form the two sides of the hollow box. Two cross members 2 in the form of cross member plates form the top and bottom of the hollow box. The hollow box is connected to the side module 5 with three connecting parts 70 per side, for example floatingly mounted or screwed. The connecting parts 70 are each arranged at the longitudinal position of every second cross strut 7 of the section module 5.
    Storage elements 77 are clamped between the connecting parts 70 and crossbar 7 of the side module 5. The mounting elements 77 along one side of the traffic route have a greater thickness than the mounting elements 77 along the opposite side of the traffic route. In addition, the bearing elements 77 are wedge-shaped. Due to the inclined mounting of the route module 5 on the carrier element 1, a lateral inclination of the roadway of 1-2% is achieved with an otherwise straight route module.
    The box girder is shown in more detail in FIG. The hollow box has an inner frame 111. The inner frame 111 is made of metal and stabilizes the wooden construction of the hollow box. The inner frame 111 is attached to the cross members 2 and longitudinal members 3, preferably screwed. For this purpose, the inner frame 1111 has openings running along the cross member plate and the longitudinal members 3.
    In the lower part of the inner frame 111 is reinforced by an additional cross strut 1112.
    The opening within the inner frame 111 serves for the protected passage of cables and other lines within and along the carrier element 1.
    The connecting part 70 from FIG. 11 is shown in more detail in FIG. The connecting part 70 is a T-shaped metal plate. A transverse bar 7 rests on the head 702 of the metal plate, with a cuboid bearing element 77 being arranged between the head 702 and the transverse bar 7. The storage element can also be designed slightly wedge-shaped.
    The mounting element 77 can be fixed or elastic. It can have a non-slip surface or be made of non-slip material. The transverse beam 7 can rest on the carrier element 1 in a floating manner, i.e. without further fastening, via the bearing element 77 and the connecting part 70.
    Each side 701, 701 of the metal plate is provided with openings. The connecting part 70 can be screwed to the hollow box via these openings. The connecting part 70 can also be screwed to the bearing element 77 and to the section module 5 via these openings. In this way, a stable coupling of the carrier element 1 and the section module 5 that can be released from one another can be produced.
    14 shows a further schematic representation of a traffic route element in which the carrier element 1, as in FIG. 11, is designed in the form of a hollow box. The same reference symbols are used for the same or similar elements.
    The hollow box is in turn formed from two lateral longitudinal members 3 and two transverse members 2 designed as plates. The side members and cross members are preferably made of wood.
    The hollow box has an inner frame 111. The inner frame 111 is circumferential and made of metal and stabilizes the wooden construction of the hollow box. The inner frame 111 is attached to the cross members 2 and longitudinal members 3, preferably screwed. For this purpose, the inner frame 1111 has openings running along the cross member plate and the longitudinal members 1.
    The opening within the inner frame 111 is used for the protected passage of cables and other lines within and along the carrier element 1.
    A support pillar 30 is attached to both longitudinal ends of the carrier element 1, only one support pillar being shown in FIG. 14. The carrier element 1 rests on one half of the support pillar 30. The second half of the support pillar 30 is provided for attaching and connecting a further path element to the existing path element.
    The buttress 30 is a post having a rectangular cross-section. The support pillar has a hollow profile and is preferably made of metal, for example steel. The support pillar 30 can be anchored in the ground via a foundation in a known manner.
    In these embodiments of the traffic route element, too, the height of the support pillars is preferably chosen so that a lower end of a support element 1 is preferably about 3 meters above sidewalks, 3.5 meters to 4.5 meters above streets and 4.25 meters to 5 meters above tram routes .
    The pole-shaped supporting pillars 30 shown have the advantage that they are very slim and can be guided centrally under the traffic route and along the longitudinal axis of the traffic route. The construction of support pillars 30, carrier element 1 and section module 5 essentially has a symmetrical structure with respect to a longitudinal axis.
    FIG. 15 shows the connection of support pillar 30 and carrier element 1 from FIG. 14 in detail. In this case, at least one connecting element 60 per carrier element 1 is placed on the support pillar 30 at its upper end. The connecting element preferably consists of metal plates.
    In the figure shown, the connecting element 60 is designed essentially as an angle iron. Two angle irons per support element 1 are attached to the side of the support pillar 30 and connected to the lower cross member 2.
    The connecting element 60 is mounted on the buttress 30, preferably by means of screws. The connecting element 60 has corresponding openings for the passage of fastening elements, such as screws, for example.
    The design of support pillars as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 enables two traffic route elements to be supported on the same support pillar. However, it is possible to provide a single support pillar per carrier element 1. This support pillar is then preferably positioned centrally at the bottom of the carrier element, preferably in the middle of the carrier element with respect to both its longitudinal axis and its transverse axis.
    权利要求:
    Claims (21)
    [1]
    1. Modular traffic route element having a carrier element and at least two route modules resting on it, the carrier element being formed by two longitudinal members connected by at least one cross member, the route modules being formed by two longitudinal beams connected by several cross struts, further having a coupling device for releasable Attaching the at least two line modules to one another.
    [2]
    2. Modular traffic route element according to claim 1, wherein the coupling device includes a screw connection independent of the route modules.
    [3]
    3. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two route modules or the coupling device are elastically mounted.
    [4]
    4. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two route modules are detachably coupled to the carrier element.
    [5]
    5. Modular traffic route element according to claim 4, wherein a coupling of the at least two route modules on the carrier element includes grooves and pins, releasable clips, an adhesive layer or screws.
    [6]
    6. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein several cross members are regularly spaced apart in a longitudinal direction of the carrier element and the cross struts are regularly spaced apart in a longitudinal direction of the route modules.
    [7]
    7. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the longitudinal beams of the route modules rest on the longitudinal beams of the carrier element.
    [8]
    8. Modular traffic route element according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one cross member is a cross member.
    [9]
    9. Modular traffic route element according to claim 8, wherein the cross member extends over the length of the longitudinal beams.
    [10]
    10. Modular traffic route element according to one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the carrier element is a hollow box formed from two cross member plates and the longitudinal members.
    [11]
    11. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a roadway arranged over the at least two route modules.
    [12]
    12. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two route modules are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the carrier element and form a first half element, and wherein at least two further route modules are arranged parallel to the first half element and form a second half element, the first and the second half-elements are detachably connected to one another.
    [13]
    13. Modular traffic route element according to claim 12, wherein the carrier element has a width which is less than a combined width of the two half-elements
    [14]
    14. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the longitudinal and cross members of the carrier element, and preferably also the longitudinal beams and cross struts of the route modules are made of a material which has a linear expansion of less than 0.5 millimeters per meter, preferably less than 0.3 millimeters per meter, for example a linear expansion between 0.15 millimeters and 0.3 millimeters per meter, in a temperature range of minus 10 degrees Celsius and plus 40 degrees Celsius, the material being in particular wood.
    [15]
    15. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a railing which is arranged laterally along a longitudinal direction of the traffic route element.
    [16]
    16. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one pressure sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, brightness sensor, a heating layer, a heating element or a luminous element.
    [17]
    17. Modular traffic route element according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one support pillar on which the traffic route element is mounted or suspended from it.
    [18]
    18. Modular traffic route element according to claim 17, wherein the at least one support pillar forms a cross member of the carrier element.
    [19]
    19. Kit for a modular path system including:- Several standardized carrier elements, which are each formed by two parallel longitudinal members connected by at least one cross member, the several carrier elements being releasably attachable to one another at standardized coupling points;- Several standardized track modules, which are formed by two parallel longitudinal beams connected by several cross struts, the several track modules being releasably attachable to one another at standardized coupling points;- several coupling devices for releasably attaching the several standardized line modules to one another,wherein the plurality of section modules can be releasably attached to the carrier elements.
    [20]
    20. Kit according to claim 19, further comprising a plurality of quick-release couplings for releasably connecting the line modules to the carrier elements.
    [21]
    21. Kit according to claim 19, further comprising connecting parts for releasably screwing the section modules to the carrier elements.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    DE8336223U1|1984-05-10|SOUND INSULATING WALL
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    AT395705B|1993-02-25|FACILITIES ON WALL CROWNS OF SET-UP POOLS OD. DGL. FOR WASTEWATER PLANTS
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2021144257A1|2021-07-22|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE102004052374A1|2004-10-28|2006-05-04|Back, Walter|Multipurpose road made of laminated timber|
    KR101106063B1|2009-03-04|2012-01-18|유호산업개발|Locking device for cover plates|
    US8616804B2|2010-04-13|2013-12-31|Craig Corser|Modular roadway|
    NL1038313C2|2010-10-16|2012-04-17|Bastiaan Struijk|FROST-FREE RIDE PLATE.|
    CN106087699B|2016-08-03|2018-05-08|山海关船舶重工有限责任公司|A kind of roadnet of quick assembling construction|
    CN108086126A|2017-12-19|2018-05-29|厦门市市政建设开发有限公司|Monoblock type bicycle occupation bridge structure and its construction method|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP20151413|2020-01-13|PCT/EP2021/050473| WO2021144257A1|2020-01-13|2021-01-12|Modular traffic route element|
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